Firearm



Patented Mar. 25, 1924.l

PATENT OFFICE.

JOHN D. PEDERSEN, 0F JACKSON, WYOMING.

FIREABH.

Application filed September 15, 1919. Serial No. 328,785.

To all whom t may concern:

Be it known that I, JOHN D. PEDERSEN, a. citizen of the United States, residin in Jackson, in the county of Lincoln and tate of lVyoming, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Firearms, of which the following is a specification.

This invention relates more especiall to firing mechanism for use in firearms o the shoulder-arm class. A principal object of the inventionis to furnish such a mechanism lcata-ble breech-closing bolt mechanism, or ,breechaction; also, to furnish an improved hammer-trigger system whereby effective operation may be secured in connection with l safety devices appurtenant to the trigger mechanism and to a co-operative breechaction.

A further object is to provide an effective trigger and connected devices whereby a pivotally-supported hammer, which is retractable to cocked position by the action of a rearwardly moving' block, may be engaged and safely held in such position by a trigger-device while the trigger itself remains in a retracted position following the firing of a cartridge; and whereby such control of the hammer may be continued during and after a releasing of the retracted trigger, whether this -be done before or after a next following movement of the retracted block. Further objects and' advantages are pointed out and explained in the course of the following description.

y In the accompanying drawing, my present improvements,-f0r convenience of illustration,-are shown. applied to a breech-loading magazine shoulder-arm which, as to the frame, the bolt-mechanism block, and the magazine thereof, is substantially of the improved bottom-e'ection kind more fully il-- lustrated in U. i. Patent No. 1,317,988, issued to me October 7 1919, on my application filed June 6, 1916, Serial No. 101,931. In that prior application, however, the present invention is illustrated in connection with an improved breechaction which is reciprocatable in the frame, and comprises a bolt-carrying slide provided with a breechclosing bolt member. that is arranged for longitudinal, and also for rotatable movements relatively to such slide. In the presnism is shown employed in connection with a breechaction of a different organization and not provided with a bolt of the sai character.

In the accompanying drawing forming a part of this specification, F ig. 1 is a side elevation showing the frame in section; in this View the firing mechanism is shown in side.view, and the breechaction in lon itu` dinal vertical section; also this breec action, which is a bolt-mechanism, is here shown in its forward and iii-ing position. This bolt-mechanism considered as a separate invention, is not claimed herein, since it is intended to constitute in part the sub- 'ect-matter of a separate application, and

ence the construction and details thereof are herein only partially illustrated, but sufficiently for the purpose of a description of. the present improvements in lfiring mechanism.

Fig. 2 is aplan view of the tiring-mechanism, and 4shows the principal operative detials thereof arranged above a forward portion of the guard-frame 3; the hammer-actuator and the slide-lock being shown in vplan view, 'while the hammer is retracted inarily locking the hammer, temporarily,

in a non-firin position, and for later unlocking the reechact-ion, as hereinafter more fully explained.

Similar characters .designate like parts inl all the views.

Referring now to the drawing, it will be seen that in Fig. 1, the breechaction mechanismis shown in its forward and locked position ready for ring. Also, in this 'a view. the hammer 14 is cocked, compressing the main spring 23 which surrounds the main spring rod 24, and the rear end of the main sprin by thrusting against the slide lock 22 ten s to raise the front end 4of this lock, and thereby bring thel lock-face 22a (Fig. 3) upward to a position immediately back of the face 6k of the slide 6 and 'thus prevent the breechaction from moving rear- .ward until said lock end is depressed by hand (not shown in Fig. 3) or by the hammer in moving forward during the act of firing. This latter position and operation further is illustrated in the diagram Fig. 4. For the said manual release of the slidelock the forward end thereof (at the right-v hand in Fifrs. 1, 3, 4) is shown provided with a rougiened finger iece 22", which is accessible through the ejection opening of the frame, as will be obvious from a comparison of Figs. 1, 2, 3. ln a hammer-trigger mechanism of the preferred form and arrangement herein illustrated, the' hammer 14 is held in its cocked position (Figs. 1, 2, 3) by means of the sear 15 to Vwhich the trigger 4, is secured (operatively connected) by means of the pin 4, The sear 15 is shown supported in the frame 3 on a pin 15", so that pulling the trigger backward in the usual manner, (Fig. 5), moves the to end of the Sear 15 backward, thereby disengaging ,the face 15a of the sear from the notch or face 14a of the hammer; this allows the hammer to swing upward on its pivot 14", as shown by the dotted lines in Figs. 1, 4, to strike the rear end, 17a, of the firing-pin 17, so that 'its front end 17h will project through the face of the breech-bolt and reach the primer of the cartridge in the ordinary manner.

0n the described forward movement of the hammer 14, from the cocked position (Fig. 3) to the position shown by dotted lines in Fig. 4, the actuator-face 24a which is ap-- purtenant to the hammer, operates upon ther ace 22C of the slide-lock 22, to withdraw the breechaction-locking face 22a out of engagement with, and out of the path of movement of, said face 6k. During this operation, the hammer and said connected device may be said to constitute a slide-'lockretracting actuator. The movement of the pivot-pin 24' from itsV position in Fig. 3 to its position in Fig. 4 so shifts the line of action of the spring as between the forward pivot 14b and the rearward pivot 22, as to materially reduce the angle of action so that the spring 23 will transmit but little if any lifting force to the locking member 22, until after the hammer shall have been again retracted. The above vdescribed mode of action of the main-spring rod 24, hammer 14, and lock-bar face 22C, is further illustrated in Fig. 6, where the actuator face of thev pivot pin 24a, is shown in two positions relatively to said face 22C.

On the sear 15 being drawn back (asin Fig. 4) to release the hammer from its osition in F ig. 3, the rearward catch 15c o the sear is carried under the slide-lock catch 22d, so that when the slide-lock member 22 is Meme@ swung downwardly to its lower position as in Fig. 5, said catch 22d thereof engages the sear catch 15c for preventing the sear from again moving forwardly until after said member 22 shall have been returned to its upper position, as in Fig. 3. rEhe hammer on being released from thesear, is driven forward by the spring423 and rod 24, from the dotted position 14 in Fig. 3 to the dotted position 14 in Fig. 4, and during this iring'stroke of the hammer, the fac-e 24a of said rod 24 (in this instance shown as a rounded corner) acts upon the cam-like de pression-face 22c of said lock member 22, and thereby depresses this member in the manner and for the urpose above set forth. The said downwar movement of the lock 22 unlocks the slide G as already mentioned, (Fig. 4), so that on the firing of the charge, the slide 6 is ready for instant retraction, and during this rearward movement by reason of the roller 6k engaging 'the hanimer will move the hammer to tiring position and will reset the hammer in engagement with the safety-Sear 16, this safety` locked position of the hammer is then maintained until, in going forward, the slide 6, by permitting the lock-bar 22 to rise up, and so unlock the sear 15,-as in Fig. 3,- and thus permitthe trigger to resume its forward and operative position.

A further feature of this 'hammer-seartrigger mechanism relates to a safety-lock ing of the. trigger when the hammer is reJ tracted ready for firing. When the firearm mechanism is in Atiring position, (Fig. 1), if the operator lowers the slide-lock 22 (as in Fig. 4), the slide 6 is thereby unlocked, but, at the same time, the face 22d of the member 22 is brought down to the rearward ot' 'the scar-catch 15C, as shown at 22d by dotted lines, (Fig. 3), so that the sear, and through this the trigger, is` thereby blocked against retraction, while the forward Sear-catch 15u is locked into an engaged position relatively to the hammer face 14. rll`hus while the member 22 is held down by hand,-or is so held by the retracted slide,-the said firing devices are locked in a safety position.

ln hier.' 1, the safety-Sear 16 is shown bearing orwardly at the upper end thereof against the hammer 14, while this member engages the tiring Sear 15; at this time, the trigger is in lforward position, so that said seal' 16 is held retracted by the forward end 16b thereof bearing against a face at 4b on the trigger. rl`he safety-sear 16 is shown as being carried on pivot 4c and forwardly actuated by a small spring, 1G, (see Fig. 5),

which may be applied or arranged in various ways 1n accordance with a well-known prac- -tice; in the present instance, however, the spring 16C is shown 1n position for reacting against a surface on the forward arm of the sear 15. In practice, the trigger 4, will be, or may be, forwardly actuated by some suitable spring, to be applied in any usual or convenient manner, and referably such spring` may be arranged as ully shown and described in my aforesaid Letters Iatent No. 1,317,988.

For a further illustration and description of my present invention as employed and operable in connection with an improved breech-closing and bolt-mechanism, reference is hereby made to Letters Patent No. 1,317,988, dated Cctober 7, `1919, granted to me on my application filed June 6, 1916, Serial No. 101,931, renewal No. 185,394, but since my present invention Vconstituted a distinct and separate subject-matter,

` it is not claimed in said prior application;

and, it should be understood that the-improvements herein set forth and claimed are readily adaptable wholly or in part for use with various well-known kinds of reciprocatable breech-mechanisms, different from the preferred kinds illustrated in said Letters Patent and in the present application.

Having thus describedI my invention, I

1. In a firearm, in combination, a frame; a block reciprocatable in said frame rearwardly from and forwardly to a firing position; `a hammer movable to firing position and toV fired position; a movable bar for locking the block in firing post'ion and means appurtenant to the hammer engaging the movable bar for retaining it iii position for locking the block in firing position when the hammer is in firing position and for moving, when the hammer is moved to fired position, said bar to unlock the block and permit rearward movement thereof.

2. In a firearm, in combination, a frame; a block reciprocatable in said frame rear; wardly from and forwardly to a firing osition; a hammer movable to firing position and to fired osition; a bar pivotally attached to said)v frame and engageable with the block for 'locking the block in firing position; and means appurtenant to the hammer engaging said bar for retaining it in position for locking the block in 'firing position when the hammer is in firing position vand for moving, when the hammer is moved to fired position, said bar to unlock the block and permit rearward movement thereof.

`3. In a firearm, in combination, a frame; a block reciprocatable in said frame vrearwardly from and forwardly to a firing position; a hammer movable to lfiring position and to fired position; a movable bar for locking the block in firing position; and

means appui-tenant to the hammer having a face engaging a face on said bar for retaining the bar in position for locking the block in firing position when the hammer is in firing position and for moving, when the hammer is moved to ired position, said bar to unlock the block and ment thereof.

4. In a firearm, in combination, a frame; a. block reciprocatable in said frame rearwardly from and forwardly to a firing position; a hammer movablel to firing position and to fired position; a movable bar for locking the block in firing position; and spring actuated means appurtenant to the hammer engaging said bar for retaining the bar in position foi' locking the block in firing position when the hammer is in firing position and for moving, when the hammer is moved to fired position, said bar to unlock the block and permit rearward movement thereof.

5. In a irearm, in combination, a frame;-

a blockreciprocatable in said frame rearwardly vfrom and forwardly to a tiring position; a hammer movable to firing position and to fired osition; a fiiingspring; a movable bar forllocking the block in firing osition; and means actuated by said ring spring and appurtenant to the hammer engaging said bar forretaining the bar in position for locking the block in firing position when the hammer is in firing position and for moving, when the hammer is moved to fired position, said bar to unlock the block and permit rearward movement thereof. f

6. In a firearm, in combination, a frame; a block reciprocatable in saidframe rearwardly from and forwardly to a tiring position; a hammer movable to firing position and to fired position; a firing spring, la bar pivotally secured at its rear end to said frame and engageable with the block for lockingr the block in tiring position; the tiring' spi-ing tending to support said bar at its forward end by yraising' the vforward end and means appurtenant to the hammer having a face engaging a facey on said bar for retaining the bar in position for locking the block in firing position when the hammer is' in firing position and a face for moving, when the hammer is moved to fired position, said bar to unlock the block and permit rearward movement thereof.

7. In a firearm, in combination, a frame; a block reciprocatable in said frame rearwardly from and forwardly to a firing position; 'a hammer movable to iii-ing position and to fired position a movablobar normally in position for. locking the block in firing position provided with manually operable moans for .moving the bar from normal locking position; and means cooperating between the hammer and said bar for locking the hammer iii firing position when the bai' is moved by said manual means. y

8. In a fire-arm, in combination, a frame; a block reciprocatable in said frame rearwardly from and forwardly to a firing position; a hammer movable to firing position and to fired position; -a movable bar normally in position for locking the block in.

permit Arearward movefiring position provided with manually operable means for movin the bar from normal locking position; and a member having means engageable with said bar and means engageable with said hammer for locking the hammer in firing position when the bar is moved by said manual means.

9. In a firearm, in combination, a frame; a block reciprocatable in said frame rearwardly from and forwardly to a firing position; a hammer movable to firing position and to fired position; a movable bar normally in position for locking the block in firing position provided with manually operable means for moving the bar from normal locking position; and a member having a face engageable with said bar and a face engageable with the hammer for locking the hammer in firing position when the bar is moved by said manual means.

10. In a firearm, in combination, a frame;

a block reciprocatable in said frame rear-V wardly from and forwardly to a firing position; a hammer movable to tiring position and to fired position; a firing spring; a bar normally in position for locking the block in firing position, said bar being pivotally secured at one end to said frame, the firing spring tending to maintain the bar at its opposite end in normal locking position; manually operable means for moving the bar from normal locking position; and means cooperating between the hammer and said bar for locking the hammer in firing position when the bar is moved by said manual means.

11. In a rearm,'in combination, a frame; a bolt mechanism comprising a block member reciprocatable in said frame to and from a firing position, and a firing pin; a hammer pivoted in said frame below said block and vprovided with means for the spring-actuation thereof forwardly to strike the firing pin when the bolt-mechanism is in forward and firing position; means appurtenant to the block and hammer for retracting the hammer to its cooked position by a rearward movement of the block; and a trigger mechanism comprising a trigger and two hanuner-engaging hooks, one of these hooks being pivoted to the frame and operableto engage and retain the hammer when the tri ger is in forward position and the other sald hook being pivoted to the trigger and in position and connected for engaglng and retaining the hammer when the trigger is in the retracted position thereof.l

12. In a firearm, in combination, a frame;

a block reciprocatable in said frame rearwardly from and forwardly to a firing position; a hammer movable to firing position and to fired position; andlroller means on said block engageable with the hammer for moving the hammer to firing position when the hammer is in fired position and said memes y block is moved rearwardly; said' roller tion; a hammer movable to ring position and to fired position; and roller means on said block engageable with the hammer for moving the hammer to firing positionwhen the hammer is in fired posit-ion and said block is moved rearwardly; said roller means being located on the block forwardly of the rear end of the block and on one side of the block.

14. In a firearm, in combination, a frame; a block reciprocatable in said frame'rearwardly from and forwardly to a firing position; a hammer movable to firing position and to fired position; a lock-bar pivotally secured at one end to said frame and engageable with said block for locking the block in firing positi'on and having a forwardly extending end; the lock-bar when the hammer is moved to fired position being moved to unlocking position by means appurtenant to the hammer depressing said forward end of the lock-bar; and means on the block arranged t'o ride over the forward end of the lock-bar and maintain the same in depressed position when the block is moved rearwardly, and engageable with the hammer when the hammer is in firing position.

15. In a irearn'i, in combination, a frame; a block supported for reciprocation in the frame to and from a forward and firing position, a hammer pivoted in the frame for movement' to cocked position and to 'red position; a lock-bar operably-supported by a connection near its rearward end with the frame, and having near its forward end a lock-face in position for engaging the block when thisl is in said firing posltion, said lock-bar being arranged for unlocking the block by a downward movement of the forward block engaging end of the bar; a hammer-actuator pivotally connected with the hammer and comprising a spring reacting against an actuator-abutment carried by said lock-b-ar forward of said connection of the lock-bar and frame and arranged for changing the direction of the actuation force of the spring, as transmitted to the hammer;

vmeans appurtenant to the block for retracting the hammerv'to a cocked position on a rearward stroke of the block; a. trigger in position and connected for holding the hammer in and releasing it from cocked position; and, means appurtenant to the hammer a block supported for reciprocation in the `frame to and from a forward and firing position, a breech-bolt carried by said block andl comprisin pivoted in the ame in position forcoaction with said firing pin; a l'ockfbar operablysupported by a connection nearits rearward end with the frame, andhaving'near its forward end -a lock-face in position for l10 engaging the block when this is in said ring position, said lock-bar being arran ed for unlocking the block'by a downwar movementl of the forward block engaging -end 'of the bar; ahammer-actuator pivotally con Vnected with the hammer and comprising a spring reacting against an actuator-abutment carried by said lock-bar forward of said yconnection of the lock-bar and frame and arranged for chan ng the direction of the actuation force of t e spring, as transmitted to the hammer, said force being modied by the downwar'd movement of the lock-bar for the unlocking of the block; means appartenant to the block for retracting the hammer to a cocked position on a rearward stroke of the block; a trigger in position and connected for holding the hammer in and re' leasing it from cocked position; and, meansj appurtenant to the hammer and said hammer-actuator for downwardly moving the lock-bar during the forward stroke of the a firing pin; aI hammer.

hammer, and thereby unlock said block only slightly in advance Aof the hammer striking the firmg pin.

17. In a firearm, in combination, a frame;

a block reciprocatable in said frame rearwardly from and forwardly to a firingposition; a hammer movable to firing position and to fired position; trigger mechanism comprising a trigger and two hooks, one ofthese hooks being pivoted to the frame and enga able with the hammer when the hammer 1s in firing position and the 'other of said I hooks being cpivoted to .the trigger and engageable wlth the hammer when the hammer is in safety position; and a lock-bar for locking said block in firing position depressible for unlocking the block; the lock-bar when depressed being .engageable with said hook pivoted to the frame to engage the hook with the hammer for retaining the hammer in irin position when the trigger is retracted rom its forward position; and means appurtenant to the trigger mechanism for 

